Introduction The Pratt truss bridge stands as one of the most iconic and enduring designs in civil engineering. Since its invention in 1844 by Thomas and Caleb Pratt, this truss system has been widely adopted for railways, highways, and pedestrian crossings. Its distinctive triangular framework,

The Parker truss bridge stands as a testament to the ingenuity of late 19th-century engineering, blending the efficiency of the Pratt truss with the geometric strength of a polygonal (arched) top chord. Its enduring presence across rivers, valleys, and challenging terrains worldwide speaks to its a