The truss bridge stands as one of the most significant achievements in civil engineering, a testament to humanity's ingenuity in overcoming natural obstacles and connecting communities. From its early wooden forms to the sophisticated steel structures of today, the truss bridge's evolution mirrors

Introduction The history of civil engineering is marked by pivotal innovations that have shaped the built environment and transformed societies. Among these, the truss bridge stands out as a milestone in structural engineering-a solution that harnessed the geometric strength of triangles to span

The origins of steel bridge construction can be traced back to the early 19th century, a period marked by significant advancements in engineering and materials science. As the Industrial Revolution gained momentum, the need for efficient transportation networks became increasingly apparent. This art