The Baltimore truss is a widely used structural system in bridges and buildings, known for its efficiency and strength. Among its many components, zero force members (ZFMs) play a crucial yet often overlooked role. Understanding how zero force members function within a Baltimore truss is essential

Introduction Trusses are fundamental structural elements used in construction to support loads and provide stability to various types of structures, from bridges to buildings. The Baltimore truss, a variant of the Pratt truss, is known for its robust design and ability to support heavy loads wh