A bridge is a structure that provides passage over an obstacle, such as a body of water, a valley, or a road[1]. Bridges are essential components of transportation infrastructure, enabling the movement of people and goods across otherwise impassable barriers[1]. A truss is a structural element used

Bridges are fundamental structures that connect landscapes, communities, and economies. While many people associate the term "bridge" with a generic structure spanning gaps, the engineering world classifies bridges into distinct types based on design, materials, and load-bearing mechanisms. Among th