Introduction Bridges are not only vital arteries of transportation but also remarkable feats of engineering. Among the many bridge designs that have shaped the modern world, the Pratt through truss bridge stands out as a symbol of ingenuity, efficiency, and adaptability. Developed in the mid-19t

Introduction Bridges are among the most vital structures in human civilization, connecting communities, enabling commerce, and overcoming natural obstacles. Over the centuries, engineers have developed various bridge designs to meet different requirements for span, strength, and materials. Among

Bowstring truss bridges stand out among truss designs for their curved top chords and hybrid structural behavior, blending arch-like compression with truss-based tension systems. This article explores their unique engineering characteristics, advantages, and limitations compared to prominent altern