Introduction The design and construction of steel bridges are critical components of civil engineering, requiring a deep understanding of materials, structural integrity, and safety. Among the various elements that contribute to the overall performance of a steel bridge, the connections play a pivotal role. Connections are often the weakest points in a structure, making their design and execution paramount to ensuring the longevity and safety of the bridge. This article explores best practices for designing and implementing ASCE steel bridge connections, focusing on bolted and welded connections, common challenges, innovative solutions, and lessons learned from past projects.

The Carnegie Steel Bridge, an iconic structure in American engineering history, represents a significant achievement in the use of materials and construction techniques during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This article explores the various materials used in the construction of the Carnegie